07 November, 2008

陣亡將士紀念日(Remembrance Day)及罌粟花(Poppy flower)

從星期天開始,看見街頭有人在胸前戴紅花。這兩天上課的時候,發現不少同學都佩戴紅花,不禁非常好奇。同學告訴我那是紀念陣亡將士紀念日的。星期二夜晚看美國大選節目的時候,BBC演播室裏的人也個個都佩戴了紅花,便簡單了解了一下陣亡將士紀念日。
陣亡將士紀念日是英聯邦國家紀念在第一次世界大戰陣亡將士的節日,訂立於每年11月11日。在世界其他一些國家也有類似的紀念日,如美國的退伍軍人日(Veteran Day),法國的停戰日(Armistice Day)等。而在南非和馬耳他則使用罌粟花日(Poppy Day)的稱謂。
佩戴在人們胸前的紅花就是罌粟花。將陣亡將士紀念日和罌粟花聯係在一起源于加拿大軍醫John McCrae的一首詩《在法蘭德斯戰場》(In Flanders Fields)。法蘭德斯,這個一戰中戰況最慘烈的戰場之一,盛開罌粟花。紅色的罌粟花象徵著陣亡戰士的鮮血。

附:《在法蘭德斯戰場》
In Flanders Fields

In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.

We are the dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved, and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.

Take up our quarrel with the foe:
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high.
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders fields.

— Lt.-Col. John McCrae

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